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Glossary

You will find the definitions of keywords used in orthodontics here.

Frenulae

Frenulae are fine and membranous structures composed of connective tissue which connect the buccal mucosa with the mucosa covering the jawbone. Sometimes they extend directly into the gingiva. Children often show strongly developed frenulae which are often extracted surgically. The extraction of frenulae should be dealt with cautiously, because mostly they don’t cause any harm and degenerate when the patients get older. Indications for the removal are visible mechanical stress on the gum caused by the frenulae or supporting hygiene capability if thick frenulae impair normal oral care.

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